(Matt. In Elisha Refusing Naamans Gifts, Jacobsz, a devout Mennonite teacher and biblical expert, was more interested in conveying the conversion of a great leader to the Christian faith than in portraying physical drama.14 With the painting in The Leiden Collection, Jacobsz showed himself to be both a talented painter and an earnest Mennonite teacher. Discover God's love and plan for you, Elisha was totally surrendered to God in every area of his life. "Take care lest you forget the Lord your God by not keeping his commandments and his rules and his statutes, which I command you today, lest, when you have eaten and are full and have built good houses and live in them, and when your herds and flocks multiply and your silver and gold is multiplied and all that you have is multiplied, then your heart be lifted up, and you forget the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery, If the tradition is correct, the Syrian king whom Naaman served must have been Ben-hadad II. Describing Diatheke: Covenant Centrality in the Bible, Pets in the Bible and Their Exegetical Significance, See to This: The Meaning of Jehovah Jireh in Genesis 22. The man standing in the door to the right is Elisha's servant Gehazi. Deuteronomy 8:18 . But we rebel against that simplicity. lxi.). If anyone should have known and obeyed the commandments of God, it was Gehazi. . The suggestion that vv. However, as noted, nothing is known about a commission, and it therefore remains uncertain for whom or which institution Jacobsz originally made this painting. Klostermann ("Die Bcher Samuelis und der Knige"), while supplying, with the Alexandrian codex, the word , connects this passage with Naaman's departure with the loads of earth, and renders the passage as "and he carried away from him about a cor of the earth of Israel."[5]. 635 (as Haarlem master); see also the RKD website. . rev2023.3.1.43269. We are like Naaman that we don't always recognize that our lives are held together by God's power and grace. 1800 (Stockholm 2005), 59, no. If Elisha had accepted those gifts, he would be accepting the glory that God should get. Naaman was happy to give Gehazi the gifts and then he continued on his journey. (Comp. The pictorial source for this confrontation scheme may be Peter Paul Rubenss The Tribute Money (Fine Arts Museum, San Francisco), which was known in the Northern Netherlands from a print by Lucas Vorsterman. Why did Elisha rebuke Gehazi for things he did not accept from Naaman? I speculate that God seeing a true turning of Naaman to Himself did not want Naaman to say that he contributed toward his conversion, especially not with material and perishable things. Elisha did not accept Naaman's gifts because he wanted Naaman to know that his healing had nothing to do with Elisha but everything to do with the God of Israel. Deuteronomy 8:11-14 , Elisha hearing from God refused out of obedience to God anything Naaman offered because after all he was entitled to payment as a prophet. Was it a time to accept money and garments, olive orchards and vineyards, sheep and oxen, male servants and female servants?". But rather than personally receiving Naaman when the latter arrives at Elisha's house, Elisha merely sends a messenger to the door who tells Naaman to cure his affliction by dipping himself seven times in the Jordan River. (2 Ne. Not only is Elishas gesture of refusal reminiscent of that in the Leiden Collection painting, but Gehazi similarly stands behind the prophet in both works. ( 2 Kings 5:16; see verses 15 through 22 for the whole story.) Truce of the burning tree -- how realistic? 358; see also the RKD website. Gehazi's heart should have been uplifted with praise for . Michael S. Heiser is a graduate of the University of Pennsylvania (M.A., Ancient History) and the University of Wisconsin- Madison (M.A., Ph.D., Hebrew Bible and Semitic Studies). This biblical passage is full of stark contrasts. He was a mighty man and very brave, but he was a leper. Send him to me so he may know there is a prophet in Israel." 9 So Naaman came with his horses and chariots and stood in the doorway of Elisha's house. Another composition with small-scale figures is the 1635 Elisha Refusing Naamans Gifts in the State Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg. Vetus Testamentum is a leading journal covering all aspects of Old Testament study. When we come before the Lord in our time of prayer, it's important for us to humble ourselves like Naaman did to receive favor from God. Wheelock, Arthur K., Jr., Christiaan Vogelaar, and Caroline van Cauwenberge. Subscribe for free and get daily or weekly updates straight to your inbox, The three things you need to know everyday, Highlights from the last week to keep you informed. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. "I pray that you'll take this blessing.". Jacob de Wet, Elisha Refusing Naamans Gifts (present whereabouts unknown); Werner Sumowski, Gemlde der Rembrandt-Schler, vol. Private Collection (sale, Sothebys, London, 7 December 2005, no. From whom acquired by the present owner in 2006. Leprosy has been a scourge on the human condition for thousands of years. Now Naaman was the captain of the host of Syria, he was a great man with his master, he was honorable, because the LORD had actually helped him to subdue many nations. He's going to set himself up. Jesus taught His ministering servants, "Freely ye have received, freely give." When the painting first appeared on the market in 2005, it was given to Pieter de Grebber.8 As Albert Blankert rightly recognized, however, this attribution is not tenable for stylistic reasons, despite the fact that Jacobsz knew De Grebbers work.9 Blankert also pointed out that the way in which the old Elisha and young Naaman face each other is comparable to the confrontation between Elisha and Gehazi in the Hannover painting.10 Other arguments reinforce the attribution of the Leiden Collection painting to Lambert Jacobsz. He did not want sin to come between him and the Lord or to hinder the Lord's work through his life because of his greed. Another example can be found in Lambert Jacobszs estate inventory, in which Jacob Backers name is later added to a large painting of Paul with a sword, that was initially only attributed to Lambert Jacobsz. I Dare You Not to Bore Me with the Bible. The present format appears to be at, or near, the original dimensions. 5 Insights for Interpreting the Deaths of Ananias and Sapphira. As a means of thanks, Naaman tries to give Elisha a gift. This event is alluded to in the words "because by him the Lord had given deliverance unto Syria" (II Kings v. 1), and therefore the Syrian king, Naaman's master, was Benhadad (Midrash Shoer ob to. Previous commentary: Next commentary: About this commentary: are made available by the generosity of . The man was also a valiant warrior, but he was a leper. And he took it and put it in his house. Naaman was the captain of the army of the king of Aram (Syria). Dealing with hard questions during a software developer interview, How do you get out of a corner when plotting yourself into a corner, Partner is not responding when their writing is needed in European project application. In 2 Kings 2:9 what does it mean for Elisha to want "a double portion" from Elijah? )"The temptation to use priesthood power for personal gain has plagued man throughout history," states the Church Educational System's Old Testament Student Manual. Jointly published by the Deseret News and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, its content supports the doctrines, principles and practices of the Church. The prophet Elisha, upon hearing of the king's tear-clothes moment, asked that Naaman be sent to him so that "he shall know that there is a prophet in Israel." (see 2 Kings 5:8). The name Elisha in Hebrew is translated, "My God is salvation". Elisha refused the gift and sent the Syrian commander away in peace. The idea of holy ground is an important element of Israelite theology. Such may have been Elisha's feeling. 34). 1800 (Stockholm, 2005), 213, no. Since 1951 the journals has been generally recognized to be indispensable for scholarly work on the Old Testament. Lambert Jacobsz and his many assistants produced history scenes with small figures throughout his career, but works with large figuressuch as this one in the Leiden Collectionwere made only for a short while and overlapped with Jacob Backers stay in Leeuwarden.3 Like Jacobsz, Jacob Backer (1608/951) was a Mennonite who grew up among fellow believers on Amsterdams Nieuwendijk. Finally, before embarking for Syria, Naaman makes a strange request: to load two mules with dirt to take back with him. Gehazi did not tell Elisha but he followed Naaman and told him a lie. The two works of this subject by Abraham van Dijck (1635/680) and Ferdinand Bol (161680) date from much later. In The Leiden Collection Catalogue, 3rd ed. And she said, It's too bad your husband isn't with the prophet there in Israel, because he could heal him of his leprosy. He did not want sin to come between him and the Lord or to hinder the Lord's work through his life because of his greed. He knew the request came from a sincere theological change of heart. Among the onlookers to this encounter are Naamans servants and soldiers, as well as Elishas servant Gehazi, the attentive young man at the far right. Elisha refused the gifts Naaman offered for his use of God's power, but Gehazi did not. Naaman is also mentioned in Luke 4:27 of the New Testament, in Greek as " " or "Naaman the Syrian", a leper. For example, Halbertals book On Sacrifice presents us with the possibility of having ones offering being rejected. And he came to Elisha and he sought to give to Elisha some of these gifts that he had brought from Syria and Elisha said, "No, I don't want your gifts. Elisha Refusing Naamans Gifts (2020). For Parents Only: CBN Animation Club & DVDs, login to access full-length Superbook episodes, FIND OUT MORE ABOUT THE SUPERBOOK DVD CLUB. The paint layers are generally in good condition. Naaman believed that There [was] no God in all the earth but in Israel (2 Kgs 5:15) and wanted to return to his homeland with holy ground. The artist carefully modelled the faces of these two protagonists, paying great attention to their facial expressions. What capacitance values do you recommend for decoupling capacitors in battery-powered circuits? Articles like these are sponsored free for every Catholic through the support of generous readers just like you. 15:15-16 ). A person is not born a Mennonite, but only becomes one when mature enough to decide based on personal belief to follow the Christian faith, much like Naaman, who came to that revelation through the actions and words of Elisha. This phrase is used when Moses is in the presence of the Angel of the Lord and the God of Israel at the burning bush (Exod 3:15) and when Joshua meets the Angel of the Lord (Josh 5:15). Angered, Elisha curses his servant, and the servant has Naaman's leprosy for the rest of his life. From Marcel Mauss classic The Gift, to the relatively recent book by Moshe Halbertal On Sacrifice, understanding the dynamics involved in giving (and for-giving) seems to be crucial to unveil some of the fundamental tenets of our interpersonal relationships, may them be among humans, or with the divine. In this quiet and restrained scene, Lambert Jacobsz placed Naaman in the center of the composition and gave him added prominence through his slightly larger scale and the brilliant colors of his turban and kaftan. R. The leprosy was gone.He was so excited he headed back to the prophet's house because he was loaded down with all kinds of gifts that the king of Syria had sent. To report dead links, typos, or html errors or suggestions about making these resources more useful use the convenient. Kullanm artlarmz ve Gizlilik Politikamz kabul ettiiniz iin teekkr ederiz. And he said. Planned Maintenance scheduled March 2nd, 2023 at 01:00 AM UTC (March 1st, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Peter van den Brink, Jacob Backer (1608/91651) (Exh. Elisha understood Naamans request and granted it without hesitation. oil on canvas (151 249 cm) 1661 Vetus Testamentum And so the king of Syria Benhadad sent a formal letter to the king of Israel [and sent Naaman down] ( 2 Kings 5:1-5 ). 78. The Bible doesn't say whether God told him not to receive the gift from Naaman, but we see that Elisha was quick to refuse the offer, desiring only to honor God. Tanuma, Tazria' (end), however, says that Naaman was stricken with leprosy for taking an Israelitish maiden and making her his wife's servant (comp. Now Naaman, the general of the king of Aram, was a prominent man before his lord and respected, for through him had the Lord given victory to Aram; and the man was a great warrior, and he was a mezora. But he said, As the Lord liveth, before whom I stand, I will receive none. Ovens (Landau, 1983), 1630, no. Superbook is a registered trademark of The Christian Broadcasting Network, Inc. A nonprofit 501 (c)(3) Charitable Organization All Rights Reserved. He wanted to always remember the true God who healed him. And the Syrians had gone out by companies, and brought away captives out of the land of Israel and a little maid happened to be the servant of his wife. Elishas hands are exceptionally beautifully shaped and contrast strongly with the usually somewhat clumsy hands painted on other original work by Lambert Jacobsz. Backer A. van Dijck (Landau, 1983), 669, no. Elisha's refusal of Naaman's gift in our passage, and that this expla-nation should be sought in the prophet's judicial deliberations over his servant, Gehazi, incurred after the latter had acquired Naaman's gift (vv. What happens when someone rejects a sacrifice, a gift, an offering? A1A16. This is the second contrast we find in this story: that of the pomp of Naaman and Elishas humbleness. He does, however, ask for sacrificial altar soil to be given him to take back home and that the God of Israel pardon him when he enters the temple of Rimmon as part of his obligations to the king of Syria. Copyright 2023 Deseret News Publishing Company. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. The Bible calls him "the servant of Elisha, the man of God. The practice in Lambert Jacobszs workshop included the frequent variation and copying of originals by some leading painters of the time, such as Rembrandt van Rijn (160669), Jan Lievens (160774), and Gerrit von Honthorst (15921656). And came whistling in. Who Are Gog and Magogand Whats So Evil about the North? Gehazi asked for (and received) silver and clothing from Naaman, after lying about the arrival of two men of the sons of the prophets. Help us continue to bring the Gospel to people everywhere through uplifting and transformative Catholic news, stories, spirituality, and more. Why did Elisha refuse Naaman's gifts? Superbook DVD Club members have access to watch full-length Superbook episodes online or within the Free Superbook Bible App. But despite repeated urgings, Elisha replied, "I will receive none," and Naaman departed ( 1 Kgs. ii.). Why Did Elisha Refuse Gifts from Naaman? [5], The request of Naaman to be permitted to carry away two mules' burden of Israelitish earth for the purpose of erecting upon it an altar on which to offer sacrifices to Yhwh, reflects the belief of those days that the god of each land could be worshiped only on his own soil. Where Are Giants in the Bible Other Than Goliath? For an extensive discussion of this work, see Neeltje Khler, ed., Painting in Haarlem 15001850: The Collection of the Frans Hals Museum (Ghent, 2006), 46869. He wanted to thank Elisha by giving him presents, but Elisha refused. One day, his wife's Israelite servant girl told her about the power of God moving through the prophet Elisha. See Albert Blankert, Kunst als regeringszaak in Amsterdam in de 17e eeuw (Exh. Publications are increasingly becoming available in electronic format (CD-ROM and/or online editions).BRILL is proud to work with a broad range of scholars and authors and to serve its many customers throughout the world. Simon Kick, Elisha Refusing Naamans Gifts, 1644 (Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Gemldegalerie); Werner Sumowski, Gemlde der Rembrandt-Schler, vol. imdi bu mesaj kapatabilir veya Kullanm artlarmz ve Gizlilik Politikamz okuyabilirsiniz. This attribution by Fred Meijer was largely based on an alleged kinship with De Grebbers Belshazzars Great Feast from 1625 in Museum Schloss Wilhelmshhe, Kassel. When he returned home, Elisha found out and punished . Rightfully so. Cornerstone BiblicalCommentary: 1 & 2Kings(CBC), NIV ApplicationCommentary: 1 & 2Kings(NIVAC). Because of this, Christian commentators have often interpreted the history of Naamans story as a typological prefiguration of the Christian church rite of baptism, in which Gods grace is freely given to a person who is not quite yet a Christian: in the end, it is a message of Gods grace going to meet the person where the person is, regardless of merit, unconditionally, asking nothing in return. Then when his mentor was taken up into the whirlwind, Elisha became the leader of the sons of the prophets. Naaman (Hebrew: Namn, "pleasantness") the Aramean was a commander of the armies of Ben-Hadad II, the king of Aram-Damascus, in the time of Joram, king of Israel. Acceleration without force in rotational motion? See Grel Cavalli-Bjrkman, Dutch and Flemish Paintings, vol. Naaman returned to Elisha and said, "Behold, I know that there is no God in all the earth but in Israel; so accept now a present from your servant" (verse 15). Aramean raiders invaded the land of Israel, and among their captives was a young girl who had been given to Naamans wife as a maid. Naaman traveled to Samaria, where Elisha told him to take seven dips in the river Jordan. Around 1627, after finishing his training, Backer moved to Leeuwarden to assist his former neighbor with the production of paintings, especially large-figure history pieces.4 The collaboration between Jacobsz and Backer, his main assistant, must have been harmonious. Small sections of the ground have been left visible between some of the brushstrokes. However, Elisha's servant, Gehazi, followed Naaman and deceitfully asked for a gift in Elisha's name. https://theleidencollection.com/iconclass. Acts 8:20.) And the guy urged him, but still he refused. An Israelite maid he had captured advised him to go see the prophet Elisha. 5, Nachtrge, Ortsregister, Ikonographisches Register, Bibliographie (Landau, 1994), nos. Elisha was totally surrendered to God in every area of his life. Discover God's love and plan for you, Naaman was returning to a place where false gods were worshiped everywhere. He did make use of translucent glazes in certain areas, however, such as the shadows of the red garments and the figures lips. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. I can hire me some servants. In 2 Kings 5:17, Naaman follows the request with an explanation: for from now on your servant will not offer burnt offering or sacrifice to any god but the Lord. The dirt and Naamans new allegiance to the God of Israel are related. When he discovered that he was stricken with leprosy he searched for a cure -- and of course at that time there was no cure. Naaman is mentioned in 2 Kings 5 of the Tanakh in Hebrew as " " or "Naaman captain of the army of the King of Aram". Pieter de Grebber, Belshazzars Great Feast, 1625 (Museum Schloss Wilhelmshhe, Kassel). The Bible doesn't say whether God told him not to receive the gift from Naaman, but we see that Elisha was quick to refuse the offer, desiring only to honor God. Jacobszs interpretation of this episode focuses on faith and not questions of civic virtues. 20-7 act epexegetically to Elisha's refusal to accept Naaman's gifts is plausible for three reasons. Naaman would build and altar on the dirt and make an offering to the one true God. He couldnt stay in Israel, but he could take Israel with him. Somehow I would like to deserve or earn God's blessings. 16001652/3), who executed the biblical narrative as a portrait histori for the regents of the Haarlem Leprozenhuis (Leper Asylum) in 1637 (fig 1).1 De Grebbers work shows some affinities with Jacobszs painting in its compositional format and half-length depiction of elaborately dressed figures, but the two paintings differ greatly in character and in their treatment of the biblical subject. Much has been written, in the fields of anthropology, ethnography, ethics, and religious studies about gift-giving, sacrificing, and offering since the last century. All rights reserved. You can now hide this message or find out more about cookies. (The mikveh is a bath used for ritual immersion in Judaism. Elisha understood Naaman's request and granted it without hesitation. Gehazi accepted two talents of silver and two changes of clothes. Gehazi, as is recounted in a subsequent episode in the biblical story, follows Naaman after the Syrian commander leaves Elisha and accepts the gifts intended for his master, falsely telling Naaman that Elisha had sent him to do so (2 Kings 5:1727). 1 Kings 17:1 And Elijah the Tishbite, who was of the inhabitants of Gilead, said unto Ahab, As the LORD God of Israel liveth, before whom I stand, there shall not be dew nor rain these years, but according to my word. And that is why, like Naaman, we must come humbly before the Lord to obtain favor and mercy in our time of need. The new baptism takes place in the Jordan River where Jesus of Nazareth, also called the Christ by his followers, was baptized many centuries later. He declared that the rivers in Damascus were cleaner than any river in Israel. Naaman's wife had a servant girl from Israel who said that a prophet there would be able to heal him. Immediately after Babel, Yahweh called Abraham and the nation of Israel was created. Issues contain fascinating articles in English, French and German, a detailed book review section as well as extensive review articles. First and foremost, Naaman's healing is not Elisha's gift: it is a gift freely bestowed by the grace of God, and Elisha is well aware of that. Sources: April 1984 and April 1985 general conference reports and the Church Educational System's Old Testament Student Manual. UFOs and Christianity: What Hath Roswell to Do with Jerusalem? Rembrandt-Schler, vol stay in Israel bring the Gospel to people everywhere uplifting. Ikonographisches Register, Bibliographie ( Landau, 1994 ), 213, no river... Do with Jerusalem have been left visible between some of the sons the... Door to the one true God from Israel who said that a there. Eeuw ( Exh. `` had captured advised him to go see the prophet Elisha paying great attention their... Of heart English, French and German, a detailed book review section as as. 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