This interactive module explores the biology of sex determination and development in humans, set against the backdrop of the different sex testing policies implemented throughout sports history. Some prevent pathogens from entering the body, and some attack pathogens already inside the body. It also made sense that tusklessnessa trait naturally found in a minority of the animals in Africawas apparently being artificially selected for because poachers had no reason to shoot such an animal. Tusklessness, according to a new paper in Science, can be attributed in large part to a dominant mutation on the X chromosomea genetic change that also explains the sex skew Poole saw. As poaching in Gorongosa has been stamped out through sustained conservation efforts, the number of baby elephants born tuskless has begun to decrease. Such a deep genetic understanding of complex evolutionary changes in large free-ranging animals would have been unobtainable just a few years ago.. This interactive module explores how different animals elephants, birds, and bats have evolved distinct ways of using sound to communicate. The accompanying worksheet guides students exploration. We were going to drive around at Gorongosa, spot an elephant, see if the elephant had tusks or not, wait for the elephant to poop and then collect its DNA, he says. This activity addresses the following key concepts: Elephants are a keystone species because they are ecosystem engineers that dramatically alter their environment and influence community diversity. This activity builds on information presented in the video Selection for Tuskless Elephants. To determine the traits prevalence after the conflict ended, she used a database of individual elephants that she and her husband and research partner Petter Granlialso a co-author of the new studyhad already built to study elephant behavior and communication. It seemed simple enoughexcept we drove all day, every day for a week and didnt see a single elephant.. |U#62RF>^/,[4@[S5MT3M_q+; u* Learning Objectives & Practices: ERT-2.A, ERT-2.H, EIN-4.C, SP5, SP6, ELA.RST.9-12.7, ELA.WHST.9-12.1 More than 30 years later, she finally may have her answer. 0 This interactive, modular lab explores the evolution of the anole lizards in the Caribbean through data collection and analysis. To learn more about the problems facing African elephants and their recovery in Gorongosa National Park, watch these two BioInteractive Scientists at Work videos: the first minute of The Great Elephant Census and all of Selection for Tuskless Elephants. 254 0 obj <> endobj Learn about the history of sex verification testing of athletes and the science behind the tests used. Supply companies at data tuskless elephant analyzing data tuskless elephants answer key in his wife to analyze data and. Knowledge awaits. An audio descriptive version of the film is available via our media player. As the researchers noted in their study, the generation born after the war had a 33 percent frequency of tusklessness, compared with a 51 percent frequency for the generation that survived the war. If you're interested in teaching about infectious diseases from an environmental science perspective, this article from Wisconsin educator Amy Fassler details how she incorporates our resources into a 5E lesson. Using those samples, they identified candidate regions in the genome that, when mutated, seemed to explain tusklessness and its apparent male lethality. Elephants with large tusks are targeted by poachers who sell the tusks on the ivory market. II. Video Activity 7. hb```f``z' B@QKm>%QXP^miq4YtnT50WS'.*^916SqKi"%df%IE400(wt@*06sx9 g! The resource is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International license. %PDF-1.6 % View Tusk-less_Elephant_data_analysis_(Sep_17_2020_at_556_PM).png from AA 1Stude Activity hhmi | Biointeractive Student Handout Analyzing Data on Tuskless Elephants 9. Discover implementation ideas, lesson sequences, resource modifications, quick tips, and more in this collection of videos and in-depth articles. ;X2ELb/6-qRrT3p0=qb3]1#>7}}2D/Q 59E ,;! Analyze quantitative data in order to make predictions based on evidence. The story of African elephants is a powerful case study of how science can inform conservation. It engages students in analyzing data to make evidence-based claims about the occurrence of tusklessness in elephant populations. hbbd```b``"WH&. lz`f1,f u d Vi 2D7e@l( XDrG;".|`10H-v9Pl=0 u This interactive module explores examples of how changes in one species can affect species at other trophic levels and ultimately the entire ecosystem. HS-LS1.A, HS-LS1.B, HS-LS3.B, HS-LS4.ASEP6, SEP8, IST-1.P, IST-1.J, IST-2.E, IST-4.A; SP1, SP2, SP4, SP6, IB Environmental Systems and Societies (2017), Teaching an Online Introductory Biology Lab Using Cellular and Molecular Biology Resources, Desktop App - macOS 10.10 or later, 64-bit (ZIP), Desktop App - Windows 7 or later, 64-bit (ZIP), Science Says: Sex and Gender arent the same, Dante's Story: Genomics and Hemimegalencephaly. Let's Go! Total: 129 a. Explore the methods scientists use to survey elephants. Posted on 11/01/2021 by 11/01/2021 by a. In this article, professor Phil Gibson discusses how he uses modified version of our Data Point activities as simplified case studies. IB Environmental Systems and Societies (2017). Tusks offer an advantage to those who have them and are naturally selected for, Poole says. elephants were illegally killed was probably so that people could take their tusks (for ivory). Hear how experienced science educators are using BioInteractive resources with their students. Answers Biointeractive Hhmi - Effebi.biella.it. 3. a. %PDF-1.5 % Students will then analyze data to investigate the impact of human activity, namely poaching, on elephant populations. This tool can be used to add pause points, questions, and labels to any BioInteractive video. Coherent lesson sequences driven by students asking questions about phenomena. Real science, real stories, and real data to engage students in exploring the living world. We know we have a lot of work to do to address racial inequities in science teaching. Watch the . But the proportion of tuskless elephants has increased in some populations. Pooles observationswhich were used a few months later to support a ban on international ivory tradewere alarming, but they mostly made sense. HHMI is investing in increasing racial, ethnic, and gender diversity in academic science to create environments in which everyone can thrive. %%EOF The Google Drive folder is set as View Only; to save a copy of a document in this folder to your Google Drive, open that document, then select File Make a copy. These documents can be copied, modified, and distributed online following the Terms of Use listed in the Details section below, including crediting BioInteractive. In females, mutations in a key gene on one of their X chromosomes seems to be responsible for tusklessness. Suggest some ways to reduce the number of elephants that are illegally killed each year. What Poole found perplexing, though, was that tusklessness did not seem to affect males, despite the fact that they were poachers primary targets. Description This video follows Joyce Poole and other scientists working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, who made the striking observation that many female elephants lack tusks. 6. In Gorongosa National Park, Poole found that among the older female elephants that survived a period of heavy poaching in the park, over 50% are tuskless. rev-a-shelf 6942-28-11-52; stride rite sandals baby girl; five spice beef noodle soup Campbell-Staton and his co-first author, Brian Arnold of Princeton, were able to join forces with the other researchers to collect blood samples from 18 femalessome with tusks and some withoutthat would meet the genomic requirements for the project. Most African elephants have tusks, but some about 2% to 6% of females and even fewer males never grow them. By watching segments of this video, students will follow the analyses and discoveries of Joyce Poole, a scientist who has studied elephants for many years. Gorongosa National Park, students will watch and answer questions about two BioInteractive Scientists at Work videos: the first minute of The Great Elephant Census to learn about poaching, and the entire Selection for Tuskless Elephants video to complete the rest of the activity. endstream endobj 255 0 obj <. These declines may be a part of Earths next mass extinction. The video discusses how the frequency of certain traits in a population can change depending on the selective pressure and provides a possible example of natural selection driven by human activity. In this activity, students collect and analyze evidence for each of the major conditions for evolution by natural selection to develop an explanation for how populations change over time. chromosome, differences in sex development (DSD), estrogen, Olympics, ovary, primary/secondary sex characteristic, sex determining region Y (SRY), testes, testosterone, X inactivation. +A,2k]lJ^G@R`Y0~8!CNC!MM5V_.0mLt(P1Gh9 k1]8Ay0 Ik@ +Xndi) g[! Key Concepts. endstream endobj startxref This Click & Learn shows that keystone species exist across a variety of ecosystems and can exert their influence in different ways. The frequency of tusklessness, the team found, increased from about 18.5 percent before the war to 50.9 percent after. HHMI Educator Tip Tuskless Elephants - YouTube In this video blog post, Kaitlin Bonner, an assistant professor of biology at St. John Fisher College in Rochester, NY, explains how she uses. The video focused on Mozambiques Gorongosa National Park, which suffered especially heavy poaching during the Mozambican Civil War, which occurred from 1977 to 1992. Selection for Tuskless Elephants. Because tusks continuously grow throughout an elephants lifetime, and because males tusks weigh about seven times those of females, older males tended to be the first to go, followed by younger males and then older females. keyboard_arrow_up Show footer Poaching brings evolutionary pressure for tusklessness. Working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, Dr. Joyce Poole and colleagues make a striking observation: many female elephants lack tusks. Articles that connect current events to BioInteractive resources. In this article from professor Karen Avery, see how she uses this unassuming model organism to teach concepts in cellular biology and genetics. Most African elephants have tusks, but someabout 2 to 6% of females and even fewer malesnever grow them. Many families lacked older femalesand many of those females had no tusks. pe*X|Xem&5*d X;d3^"kNIc rH+d ``s2AJn#*d9X;DAge`0?k G Elephants were not an obvious choice for Campbell-Staton, who has mostly focused on lizards until now. hb```lJB Answers may vary. Discover tools to help plan lessons and opportunities to support professional learning. In this video Dr. Joyce Poole explains a possible reason. 482 0 obj <>stream The same high-quality resources are now available with new features, including a logged-in experience. Examples range from classic case studies, such as the peppered moths of the U.K. that changed their dominant wing color from mostly white to black during the industrial revolution, to lizards that are now evolving longer legs and feet with more grip to race up smooth city buildings. Discover world-changing science. 7. Nature, in this case at least, seems to be correcting itself. Hhmi Biointeractive Answer Key. This interactive module explores the diversity of viruses based on structure, genome type, host range, transmission mechanism, replication cycles, and vaccine availability. The added information provided at pause points within the animation How We Get Our Skin Color allows for a richer exploration of the topic of human skin structure and function. biointeractive 232K subscribers Subscribe 142K views 6 years ago How many African elephants are left and where are they? Explain how the selective pressures on a population may impact the frequencies of phenotypes. Hhmi Biointeractive Food Chains And Webs Answer Key Chlorophyll is the molecule in leaves that uses the energy in sunlight to turn water (H 2 O) and carbon dioxide gas (CO 2 ) into sugar and oxygen gas (O 2 ) 2008 Cadillac Sts Clicking Noise, How Is This Same Test Used To Test For The Presence Of HIV! Scientists are trying to determine the genes involved in tusk development and how variations in these genes can lead to tusklessness. Resume watching the video until Fortunately, another research team was carrying out a collaring project to track matriarch elephants. hb```lRB The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants This video follows scientists working in Gorongosa National Park as they try to determine the genes responsible for tusk development in elephants. Homepage | HHMI BioInteractive | Elephant, Ap environmental science, Development From biointeractive.org Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants This activity builds on information presented in the video Selection for Tuskless Elephants. The human immune system is made up of many cells, organs, and tissues. By watching segments of this video, students will follow the analyses and discoveries of Joyce Poole, a scientist who has studied elephants for many years. In this video, biologist Shane Campbell-Staton walks through the steps of collecting DNA samples from elephants in Gorongosa National Park and how he plans to analyze their DNA sequences.For more information and related materials, visit HHMI BioInteractive:https://www.biointeractive.org/classroom-resources/genetics-tusklessness-elephants Poole, who is a co-author on the new paper, combed through old natural history films and amateur videos to estimate the prevalence of tusklessness prior to the war. The module also shows how mutations in genes that encode cell cycle regulators can lead to the development of cancer. biointeractive 231K subscribers Subscribe 1.3K Share 130K views 5 years ago Elephants can communicate over long distances using low-frequency sounds that travel both in the air and through the. The Making of the Fittest: Natural Selection and Adaptation, The Origin of Species: The Beak of the Finch, Combatting Problem Fatigue Using BioInteractive Case Studies in an AP Environmental Science Course, Exploring Regeneration Using The Planarian, Priming and Prioritizing Facilitated Discussions, Teaching About Infectious Diseases Using the 5E Model, Simplifying Case Studies Using Data Points, HHMI Expands Commitment to Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, New Online Professional Development Workshops, Introducing a new BioInteractive experience. Gorongosa National Park, students will watch and answer questions about two BioInteractive Scientists at Work videos: the first minute of The Great Elephant Census to learn about poaching, and the entire Selection for Tuskless Elephants video to complete the rest of the activity. Use evidence-based predictions to explain how a population changes over time due to human impacts. ea`|wC"bSfoxjtZ&T2(i+q,|:m!J@ dP6H EEH6~SlL.3a5, adaptation, claim, evidence, frequency, phenotype, poaching, population, reasoning, selection, selective pressure, variation. endstream endobj startxref This interactive module explores the biology of sex determination and development in humans, set against the backdrop of the different sex testing policies implemented throughout sports history. Researchers have pinpointed how years of civil war and poaching in Mozambique have led to more elephants that will never develop tusks. The rapid rise in frequency of a severe disease allele that kills males is surprising and speaks to the overwhelming intensity of poaching during civil unrest, he says. HS-LS4-2, HS-LS4-3, HS-LS4-4, HS-LS4-5; SEP1, SEP5, SEP6, EVO-1.E, EVO-1.G, SYI-2.B, SYI-3.D; SP3, SP4, SP5, SP6, Topic(s): 2.1, 2.6, 9.10 Gorongosas elephant population declined by about 90 percent, from more than 2,500 individuals in 1972 to fewer than 250 in 2000. Propose a claim supported by scientific evidence to answer a research question. This video follows Joyce Poole and other scientists working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, who made the striking observation that many female elephants lack tusks. Anatomy & Physiology Scientific Skills & Literacy Click & Learn High School General High School AP/IB College Selection for Tuskless Elephants After creating an account, educators can save and organize their favorite BioInteractive resources and discover recommendations tailored to their interests. Selection for Tuskless Elephants. 2. Elephant tusks are important for obtaining food and water, and essential to male elephants for competing for mates, so one might expect strong natural selection for having tusks. It engages students in analyzing data to make evidence-based claims about the occurrence of tusklessness in elephant populations. v0E H+1Q` d In this study, scientists used DNA profiling to determine where ivory seized from poachers had originated. Tuskless females, they found, had survived at a rate that was about five times higher than that of their tusked counterparts during the conflict. Lessons. Additionally, disruptions to the same region of the X chromosome in humans is associated with a syndrome that usually causes male fetuses to abort in the second trimester. Scientific Explanation of Evolution by Natural Selection. The more killing there was, the more tuskless females you got. Scientists can use a variety of methods to survey an animal's range and population. Genetics Evolution Scientific Skills & Literacy Scientists at Work High School General High School AP/IB College Among the younger females, who were born after this period of heavy poaching, 33% are tuskless. Their current rate of decline is 8% per year, primarily due to illegal killing called poaching. elephants were illegally killed was probably so that people could take their tusks (for ivory). Suggest some ways to reduce the number of elephants that are illegally killed each year. Most African elephants have tusks, but some never grow them especially in places that have a history of poaching, like Gorongosa National Park. English; analyzing data on tuskless elephants biointeractive answer key. Please see the Terms of Use for information on how this resource can be used. Gathering the data to enable this key final step proved trickier than he expected, however. Continue reading with a Scientific American subscription. 293 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<9453723FF87E8A44A337DAA0866B88AA><438003D2AD6765408BCD5AC475C7220B>]/Index[254 63]/Info 253 0 R/Length 160/Prev 292343/Root 255 0 R/Size 317/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream In particular, they often are missing their upper lateral incisorsthe anatomical equivalent of tusks in elephants. Using Data to Investigate Elephant Evolution, The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants, Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants, Using Genetic Evidence to Identify Ivory Poaching Hotspots. 316 0 obj <>stream Tuskless mothers, on the other hand, had about an equal proportion of daughters with or without tusks (or, in some cases, with a single tusk). Like other places that had undergone intense poaching, Gorongosas female elephants exhibited an abnormally high proportion of tusklessness. Poaching is selecting for tuskless elephants, which are more likely to survive, mate, and pass on their genes. In this video, Poole explains a possible reason. Shane Campbell-Staton of Princeton University, co-lead author of the new paper, has spent his career studying the ways that humans force such evolutionary changes across the tree of life. The Click & Learn uses ongoing debates about the eligibility of certain female athletes to participate in women's events as an entry point for students to learn the processes involved in human reproductive development. Its something I had puzzled over for so long, says Poole, co-founder and scientific director of ElephantVoices, a nonprofit science and conservation organization. Developing an Explanation for Mouse Fur Color, A Genetic Treatment for Sickle Cell Disease, Vertebrate Declines and the Sixth Mass Extinction, Learning Scientific Language with a Graphic Organizer. The immune system responds to pathogens in two main ways: innate and adaptive immune responses. 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